Saudi Arabia – Complete Guide (2025)
Saudi Arabia is a country known for its rich history, unique culture, and strict governance. This guide covers its history, government structure, visa rules, population, culture, taxation system, job opportunities, and top tourist destinations.
1. Origin of the Name & History
The name “Saudi Arabia” comes from the ruling Al Saud family. In 1932, King Abdulaziz Ibn Saud united various tribes and regions to lay the foundation of the modern kingdom. Since then, Saudi Arabia has existed as a united nation.
2. Government & Ministers
Saudi Arabia is an absolute monarchy, meaning the King is both the head of state and the head of government. Ministers appointed by the King manage sectors such as finance, health, education, interior, foreign affairs, and labor. As of 2025, the King is Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, and the Crown Prince is Mohammed bin Salman, known for reforms and modernization.
3. Rules and Regulations for Citizens
Life for citizens is discipline‑oriented. People follow strict social, religious, and legal rules. Sharia law underpins the system, covering criminal, civil, and family matters. Public behavior and dress codes are clearly defined, and interactions between men and women are regulated. Alcohol and gambling are completely banned. The government provides free healthcare, quality education, and housing support, ensuring a secure lifestyle.
4. Rules for Indians in Saudi Arabia
Indians living in Saudi Arabia must follow the same laws as citizens. Muslim Indians may freely practice their religion and attend mosques. Hindus and other non‑Muslims may practice their faith in private spaces, but public religious activity outside Islamic norms is prohibited. Respecting local laws and culture is essential to avoid legal issues.
5. Visa Process
To travel to or work in Saudi Arabia, a valid visa is required. Common types include tourist, work, and business visas. Applications are submitted online through the official Saudi visa portal. Work visas typically require sponsorship from a Saudi employer and verification of qualifications.
6. Population
By 2025, Saudi Arabia’s population is approximately 36 million. Riyadh (the capital), Jeddah, and Dammam are the largest and most important cities. The population is relatively young, and expatriates from India, Pakistan, the Philippines, and other countries are an integral part of the economy and culture.
7. Culture & Geography
Saudi Arabia’s geography is primarily desert‑based, with mountainous regions in the west that add diversity to the landscape. The Kingdom is renowned for its Islamic heritage. Traditional music, local cuisine, and festivals are central to daily life. Arabic is the official language and Islam the state religion. While traditional values remain deeply rooted, major cities are steadily embracing modernization.
8. Tax System
- No personal income tax on salaries for residents.
- Value Added Tax (VAT) of 15% on goods and services.
- Corporate tax varies by ownership and industry sector.
- Foreign workers are generally not taxed on personal income.
9. Jobs for Indians & Foreigners
Expatriates work across IT, healthcare, engineering, teaching, construction, and services. Indians have a strong presence in healthcare, IT, banking, and teaching. Skilled professionals typically require sponsorship from a Saudi company to obtain a work permit. Government roles are mostly reserved for Saudi nationals.
10. Tourist Places
- Riyadh: National Museum; Kingdom Tower.
- Jeddah: The Corniche; historic Al‑Balad district.
- Makkah & Madinah: Sacred religious sites (for Muslims only).
- Al‑Ula: Ancient archaeological sites and striking rock formations.
- Edge of the World: Dramatic desert cliffs near Riyadh.
11. Additional Notes
Saudi Arabia is entering a new phase under Vision 2030, focused on diversifying the economy, boosting tourism, and modernizing infrastructure. For foreigners planning to move here—whether for work or long‑term settlement—understanding local cultural practices, following the law, and respecting religious values will help ensure a positive, hassle‑free experience.
12. Related Jobs Guide
For more details about working in Saudi Arabia, Indian professionals can check the latest private and government job information and visa requirements here: Saudi Arabia Government Jobs 2025.